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KMID : 1036820160210020271
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Communication Sciences & Disorders
2016 Volume.21 No. 2 p.271 ~ p.283
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Characteristics of the Defining Ability of the Elderly in Nouns, Verbs, and Adjectives
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Kim Ye-Seul
Yoon Ji-Hye
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Abstract
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Objectives: Decline of semantic processing ability through aging affects our language defining ability which helps us to understand target vocabulary and draw upon related words. It is necessary to investigate defining ability in various Korean word classes such as verbs, adjectives, and nouns. This study attempts to investigate the defining ability of normal Korean elderly and compare their performance with that of younger people.
Methods: The participants of this study were 45 elderly people and 45 young people. A total of 36 words were performed during a defining word task. Definition response scores, response times, definition types and error types were analyzed only for the words spoken within 30 seconds.
Results: First, with regard to definition response scores, the elderly group showed significantly lower performance in nouns, verbs and adjectives than the younger group. Second, the definition types of each word class showed significant differences between the age groups. Third, definition error types of each word class showed significant differences in concrete nouns, verbs and adjectives between the age groups. Fourth, the elderly group had significantly slower response times in concrete nouns, verbs and adjectives.
Conclusion: These findings confirm that elderly groups have difficulty in recalling and generating new and different words in a communicative situation because of limitations on the diversity of their verbal language.
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KEYWORD
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Definition, Nouns, Verbs, Adjectives, Aging
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